旬邑县2024年初中学业水平考试模拟卷(二)数学.考卷答案

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旬邑县2024年初中学业水平考试模拟卷(二)数学.考卷答案试卷答案

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分析先将递推公式两边取倒数,再两边乘以n,再两边减去1,得到1-$\frac{n}{{a}_{n}}$=$\frac{1}{3}$•[1-$\frac{n-1}{{a}_{n-1}}$],即可下结论.

解答证明:∵an=$\frac{{3n{a_{n-1}}}}{{2{a_{n-1}}+n-1}}$,两边取倒数得,
∴$\frac{1}{{a}_{n}}$=$\frac{2{a}_{n-1}+n-1}{3n{a}_{n-1}}$,两边乘以n,并裂项得,
$\frac{n}{{a}_{n}}$=$\frac{2}{3}$+$\frac{1}{3}$•$\frac{n-1}{{a}_{n-1}}$,两边减1得,
$\frac{n}{{a}_{n}}$-1=-$\frac{1}{3}$+$\frac{1}{3}$•$\frac{n-1}{{a}_{n-1}}$=$\frac{1}{3}$($\frac{n-1}{{a}_{n-1}}$-1),
因此,1-$\frac{n}{{a}_{n}}$=$\frac{1}{3}$•[1-$\frac{n-1}{{a}_{n-1}}$],
故数列{1-$\frac{n}{{a}_{n}}$}是以1-$\frac{1}{{a}_{1}}$为首项,以$\frac{1}{3}$为公比的等比数列,
所以,1-$\frac{n}{{a}_{n}}$=(1-$\frac{1}{{a}_{1}}$)•$(\frac{1}{3})^{n-1}$,其中a1=$\frac{3}{2}$,
解得,an=$\frac{n•3^n}{3^n-1}$.

点评本题主要考查了等比关系的确定和数列通项公式的解法,证明中用到了综合法与等比数列定义,属于中档题.