山西省太原市2024-2025学年高二年级上学期开学考试试题(数学)

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山西省太原市2024-2025学年高二年级上学期开学考试试题(数学)试卷答案

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M:Thankyou.I'mverypleasedtobehere.W:Didyoualwayswanttobeanastronaut?M:Notexactly.Myfatherlikesreadingsciencemagazines.WhenIwasyoung,heusedtotakemetoairshows,whichIreallyloved.Ithinkmyinterestinflyingcamefromthat.W:Didyoudoanyotherjobs?M:Istudiedengineeringatcollege,thenIworkedasapilotformanyyears.Itraveledallovertheworld.Ilovedmyjob,butasIgotolder,Iwantedanewchallenge.That'swhenIdecidedtobecomeanastronaut.(Text8)W:Myguesttodayisabouttomakeaspecialtrip.He'llbespendingtendaysonaspacestationasitorbitstheEarth.Grant,welcome.M:Hi.W:Whatareyoumostlookingforwardtoabouttheflight?M:It'skindofhardtosay.ButIguesstheansweristhelaunch.ThefirstexperienceofweightlessnessandseeingtheEarthfromoutsidetheatmospherearegoingtobegreattoo.W:Don'tyoufeelscaredatall?M:IwouldbelyingifIsaidthatI'mnotscaredatall.ButI'vedonemonthsoftrainingwithrealastronautssoIhopeI'muptothechallenge.W:Andwasthetrainingdifficult?M:Yes,especiallythesurvivaltraining.Itwasphysicallychallengingwhenwehadtoprepareforanunexpectedlandingintheseaorinanextremewinterclimate.Muchworsethanthetrainingforweightlessness,althoughthatwasprettytoughtoo.(Text9)W:Hi,Albert.Iknowyouspentseveralmonthslivingontheinternationalspacestationrecently.Whatdoyouthinkwasthemostdifficultpartofyourtrip?M:Actually,nothingwasreallydifficultbecausewedidlotsoftraining.Iknewwe'dbelivinginasmallarea,veryclosetoeachother,andeverybodykneweverythingaboutyou,sothatwasn'taproblem.IsupposesometimesIgotabittiredofhavingtospendtwohoursworkingouteveryday,butthat'sjustsomethingyou'vegottodo.W:Tostopyourmusclesandbonesfromgettingtooweak?M:That'sright.Andyouhavetobecarefulaboutwhatyoueat.Weallchoseourownfoodbeforegoinguptothespacestation,soeachofushadapersonalsupply.Therewasasurprisinglywiderangeoffoodthatyoucouldhaveupthere.Anditdidn'ttakeallthatlongtogetamealready,whichwasgood.W:Didyoueverfeellonelywhenyouwereupthere?M:Lonely?Notatall.Therewerethreeofusplusthehugeteamdownontheground.Wecouldturntothematanytime.(Text10)(M)WelcometotheScienceShow.I'myourhost,David.It'safullmoontonight,soit'sagoodtimetotalkaboutthemoon.Todaywe'regoingtotalkaboutthemoon'sinfluenceonthebehavior-2

山西省太原市2024-2025学年高二年级上学期开学考试试题(数学)

14.(12分)如图所示,假设某火箭起飞后一直竖直向上运动,起飞时推力大小约1.210^6N,火箭起飞质量为5.010^4kg,,地面附近重力加速度为10m/s^2,,地球半径约为6400km;火箭到达200km时,一节、二节推进器已经先后脱落,火箭质量变为3.310^3kg,,推力大小减为6.510^4N。若空气阻力及短时间内消耗燃料的质量均可忽略不计,已知(3233)^20.940,求:(1)火箭起飞后前700m的运动时间;(2)火箭运动到200km时的加速度大小(计算结果保留3位有效数字)。