安徽省2023-2024学年度第二学期期末质量检测八年级试题卷(物理)试卷答案

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安徽省2023-2024学年度第二学期期末质量检测八年级试题卷(物理)试卷答案试卷答案

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28.Whatdofarmersdowithimperfectfruitsandvegetablestraditionally?A.Throwthemaway.B.Turnthemintofertilizer.C.Donatethemtocharity.D.Storethemforthewinter.29.WhatisthepurposeofImperfectProduce?A.Tomakebetterprofits.B.Tosellimperfectproduce.C.Togetdiscountsfromfarmers.D.TocompetewithWholeFoods.30.WhatcanweleamaboutEuropecomparedwiththeUS?A.Ithasmoresuccessfully-runfoodchains.B.Itproduceslessmisshapenfruitsandvegetables.C.Itaddressestheproblemofmisshapenproduceearlier.D.Itfacesamoreseriousproblemofunfavorableweather31.Accordingtothelastparagraph,whyiswastedfoodharmfultotheenvironment?A.Itpollutesthefarms.B.Itgivesoutabadsmell.C.Itcontributestoglobalwarming.D.Itproduceslotsofcarbondioxide.DYoudon'tneedtobeanexperttorecognizelunamoths().Theyhavehairywhitebodies,redlegsandhugegreenwingsthatstretchupto4.5inchesacross.Andattheendoftheirwingsareapairoflongtailsthathaveattractedscientistsforcenturies.Someofthemtheorizedthatitwaspossiblethatfemalemothsjudgedthehealthandqualityofamalebythesizeofhistails.Butittumnedoutthatfemalemothswerenotchoosyatall.Theyjustmatewiththefirstmalestheycouldfind.Othersbelievedthatthetailscouldincreaselunamoths'sizetomakethemharderforthebats-themainenemyoflunamoths-tohandle.Butthetheoryprovedwrongin1903whenascientistnamedArchibaldWeeksputbatsagainstabiggerspeciesofmothsthatlackedtails.Hefoundthatthebatskilled66%oftheirtargets.Lunamoths,despitebeingsmaller,werehardertocatch."Clearly,theirtailsprovidedananti-batadvantage,"Weeksobserved."Ithinktheywereusedtodirectbatsawayfromthemoths'body.Hewasroughlyright.Morethanacenturylater,JesseBarberfromBoiseStateUniversityputlunamothsagainstbatsinadarkroomandfilmedthehunting.Undernormalcircumstances,thebatsonlymanagedtocatch35%ofthelunamoths.ButifBarbercutofftheirtailsbeforehand,thebatscaught81%ofthem.Thatwasnotbecausethemothsbecameworsefliers-infact,cuttingthetroublesometailsseemedtohaveimprovedtheirflyingabilities.Barberexplainedthatbatswerenotvisualhunters.Theyfoundtheirfoodwithaspecialsound.Tobeprotectedfrombats,lunamothsneededsomethingthatmadeconfusingsounds.Thatwaswhatthelunamoths'tailsdid:Astheyflew,theywavedbehindthemandproducedsoundsthatweresimilartotheirwingbeats.Tobats,theyeithersoundedlikeahugepartoftheirtarget,orlikeanentirelydifferenttarget.Asaresult,theyaimedabouthalftheirattacksatthetails.32.WhatisArchibaldWeeks'importantcontribution?A.Hefoundthatbatsarethemainenemyoflunamoths.B.Hetheorizedthatlunamothsusetheirtailstoconfusebats.C.Heprovedthatlunamoths'sizeisimportantfortheirsurvival.D.Heobservedthatfemalemothsprefermalemothswithlongertails.英语第5页(共8页)

安徽省2023-2024学年度第二学期期末质量检测八年级试题卷(物理)试卷答案

10.质量相同的A、B两金属块,把它们都加热到90^C,然后分别投人装有质量相同、初温都为10^C的C、D两杯水中,测量的结果:金属块A使C杯的水温升高了10^C,金属块B使D杯的水温升高了20^C。,整个过程中不考虑热量损失。设两金属块比热容为CA和cB,则CA与cB的比值为DA.7:3B.3:7C.7:12D.12:7

安徽省2023-2024学年度第二学期期末质量检测八年级试题卷(物理)试卷答案

1.如图为某同学拼装的乐高齿轮传动装置,图中五个齿轮自左向右编号分别为1、2、3、4、5,它们的半径之比为3:9:3:5:3,其中齿轮1是主动轮,正在逆时针匀速转动。下列说法正确的是A.齿轮5顺时针转动B.齿轮1与齿轮3的转速之比为1:9C.齿轮2边缘的向心加速度与齿轮5边缘的向心加速度之比为1:9D.齿轮2的周期与齿轮4的周期之比为9:5

1.如图所示,一本物理书和一本化学书上下叠放,静止在水平桌面上,现用水平外力F将下面的化学书水平向右迅速抽出,对两书分离的过程,下列说法正确的是A.物理书不受摩擦力作用B.物理书对化学书的摩擦力水平向右C.增大外力F,物理书对化学书的摩擦力将增大D.增大外力F,物理书受到的摩擦力冲量将减小