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［四川会考］2024年四川省普通高中学业水平合格性考试(物理)试卷答案试卷答案
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ButeocleverwhenitomforthemselvesTheycetroublebyivingnreofmpec同种个体)withurieForme,aceI%Cad8veryod)ideshadrodBuththeousthivinHowthsWellthesumpnourishedbyitsneighborwithnutrientsfromtherootsystem.andhadbeenforatleast400years!Whydodosuhathing?Itmbettertotherrdtheforstitprotectsthemfromstorms,providestherightmicroclimateandwarnsthemofattacks.28.Whydoestheauthormentionthethreeoaktrees?A.Toillustratetreescanlearnfromexperiences.B.Toshowtreescanmakeindependentdecisions.C.Toexplaintreesarequitesupportiveofeachother.D.Toprovetreeshavethesamepersonalitiesashumans.29.Accordingtothetext,whichofthefollowingbestdescribesgeneralfeaturesoftrees?A.Anxiousandbold.B.Smartandadventurous.C.Helpfulandwell-behaved.D.Adaptableandsupportive.30.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase"dosuchathing"mean?A.Givewarnings.B.Offerassistance.C.Dependonothers.D.Providenutrients.31.Wheredoesthistextmostprobablycomefrom?A.Asciencebook.B.Atraveljournal.C.Apublielecture.D.AnexperimentreportDTheUSspaceageneyNASAhasrevealedanastonishingpicturerevealingnewsecretsoftheEarth'shomegalaxy(),theMilkyWay.Thesunisjustoneofhundredsofbillionsofstarsthatformthehugeshapeofourgalaxy.OursolarsystemsitsinaremoteregionbutthenewimagefocusesonthecenteroftheMilkyWay,a"noisy"areabecauseofallthecrowdedstars.Lightfromthisregiontakesabout26.000yearstoreachEarth.Forcomparison,lighttakesjusteightminutestoreachusfromthesun.Theresearchersusethedatacollectedbytwotelescopesthatseetheskyinwaysthatareverydifferentfromthevisiblelightoureyescanseetoformthenewimage.Mostofthedatacomesfrom370differentpicturestakenoverthepast20yearsbyNASA'sChandraXObservatory.ThissatellitetelescopedetectsX-raysoutinspace.X-raysareaformofradiationthatissentoutwhenviolenteventsheatmattertotemperaturesofmillionsofdegrees.OtherdatacomesfromtheMeerKATtelescopeinSouthAfrica,whichcandetectradiowavesfromspace.ThesewaveshavemuchlessenergythanX-rays.Theyareusuallyproducedbycoolermaterial,suchashugecloudsofgasbetweenthestars.Thebrightestsourcesineludeneutronstarswhicharethecoresofhugestarsthatranoutoffueandcolapsedtocity-sizedballsofsuperhotmatter.Manyneutronstarsandblackholesjetoutgasesthatappearinthepictureaspurplestreaks().Powerfulmagneticfieldsitheareacausethejetstobendastheygetfurtherfromtheirsoure.AstronomerDDanielWanghhasworkedontheimgevethepastyear,saidthenewpicturedescribed“aviolentorenergeticecosystem”.【23模拟调研·英语（一）第5页（共8页）LLY】
13.(10分)某同学课间站在操场上利用一个自制玩具做游戏,将两个小球A、B分别固定在一根较长的绳子两端并让两个小球自然垂下,左右手距地高度始终为1.44米不变,右手掐住小球A上方0.64m处的绳子,左手掐住小球B上方0.8m处的绳子。右手以及下方的小球A始终保持静止,左手控制下方的小球B以左手掐住绳子的点(可认为是静止的)为圆心、以v=5m/s的速度在竖直面做匀速圆周运动,当两个小球高度相同时左右手同时松开,观察到A小球比B小球早落地,请通过计算说明两个小球落地的时间差。(绳子的质量可以忽略不计,g=10m/s^2,37^0=0.6,37^0=0.80)
11.(7分)描绘一个标有“3V0.5A”小灯泡的伏安特性曲线,实验室提供的实验器材有:A.电源E(电动势为4V,内阻约.1Ω)B.电流表A1(量程为0.6A,内阻约.0.5Ω)C.电流表A2(量程为3A,内阻约.0.122)D.电压表V1(量程为3V,内阻约3kΩ)E.电压表V2(量程为15V,内阻约15kΩ)F.滑动变阻器R1(最大阻值.10Ω)G.滑动变阻器R2(最大阻值100Ω)H.开关一个、导线若干
15.(15分)如图所示,倾斜放置的两根平行金属导轨相距为L,倾角=37^,导轨上端用绝缘材料连接,下端与一电容为C的电容器相连。在导轨间长为d的区域内,存在垂直于导轨平面向下、磁感应强度大小为B的匀强磁场。质量为m的金属棒ab水平置于导轨上,平行于导轨的绝缘轻绳跨过轻质定滑轮将其与质量为3m的重锤相连,最初保持轻绳伸直且ab棒、重锤均静止。ab棒的初始位置与磁场区域的下边界相距s,现将重锤、ab棒释放。已知最初开关K闭合,当导体棒离开磁场时断开,电容器始终正常工作,ab棒始终与导轨垂直且接触良好,其电阻及导轨电阻均忽略不计,忽略摩擦,重力加速度为g,37^=0.6。求:(1)ab棒进人磁场时速度v0的大小;(2)ab棒即将离万磁场时电流的大小;(3)电容器所储存的电场能的最大值E(请通过推导电容器电场能与其两端电压的关系来解决问题)。
