[今日更新]山东省2023-2024学年度高二年级上学期12月联考.物理试卷答案

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[今日更新]山东省2023-2024学年度高二年级上学期12月联考.物理试卷答案试卷答案

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第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题：每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项

A8:30PMOutlookOutlookisbackwithanewseriesofreportstokeepyouupdatedwithallthat'snewintheworldofentertainment.Storiesgoallthewayfromthetechnicaltotheromantic,fromstagetoscreen.Therewillbereportsofthestarsofthemoment,thestarsofthefutureandthestarsofthepast.Thedirectorwithhisnewfilm,thedesignerwiththelatestfashionandthemusicianwiththepopularsongarepartofthenewOutlook.TheprogramisintroducedbyFranLevine.9:00PMDiscoveryWhena10-year-oldboygetsafirst-classdegreeinmathematicsoran8-year-oldplayschesslikeafuturegrandmaster,theyareconsideredasgeniuses.Wheredoesthequalityofgeniuscomefrom?Isitallinthegenesorcananychildbeturnedintoagenius?Andifparentsdohaveachildwhomightbecomeageniusinthefuture,whatshouldtheydo?Inthis30-minutefilm,BarryJohnson,theprofessoratSchoolofMedicine,NewYorkUniversitywillhelpyoudiscovertheanswer.10:00PMScience/HealthIsitpossibletobeathighbloodpressurewithoutdrugs?Theansweris"yes",accordingtotheresearchersatJohnsHopkinsandthreeothermedicalcenters.Afterastudyof800personswithhighbloodpressure,theyfoundthatafter6months,thosedevotedtoweightloss-exerciseandeatingalow-salt,low-fatfood-lostabout13poundsandbecamefitter.Plus,35%ofthemdroppedintothe"normal"kind.Thisweek,Dr.AlanDuckworthwilltellyouhowthesepeoplereducetheirbloodpressuretoalevelsimilartowhat'sachievedwithHypertensiondrugs.21.FromOutlook,youcangetagreatdealofinformationabout_A.filmcompaniesB.famousstarsC.storytellersD.musicfan22.WhowillbemostprobablyinterestedinDiscovery?A.Childrenwhoaregoodatmathematics.B.Childrenwhoareinterestcdinplayingchess.C.Parentswhowanttosendtheirchildrentoaschoolofmedicine.D.ParentswhowanttheirchildrentobecomeanotherAlbertEinstein.23.WhichofthefollowinghasalmostthesameeffectasHypertensiondrugs?A.Lossofthirteenpoundsinweight.B.Low-saltandlow-fatfood.第3页共10页

15.(18分)图甲所示的竖直平面内,竖直金属薄板M、N足够长且平行正对,M板为电子发射装置,可向各个方向持续发射出速率介于0到最大值vc(ve未知)之间的电子,两板间电压大小为U,正负变化周期为T(如图乙所示),电子在M、N间运动的时间远小于T,且00.5T内N板小孔O恰好始终没有电子射出。N板、竖直屏K1、K2和竖直虚线C相邻间距相等,仅K2、GH间分布着方向竖直向上的匀强电场,大小为E=5TmUe,屏K1、K2上有两个关闭的小阀门a、b,a、b位置与O1共线、与水平O1O2方向夹角=37^,时刻打开阀门a、b,T时刻恰好有电子穿过阀门a,1.57时刻关闭阀门a,1.5T时刻关闭阀门b。已知电子质量m、电量大小e,不考虑电子之间的碰撞及相互作用,忽略金属板的边缘效应,37^=0.6,求:(1)电子经O1射出的最大速率vm;(2)屏K1上不同位置P(P始终在O1O2连线上方)、PO1O2=,,则电子落在P处的速率及φ范围;(3)电子通过虚线GH的最大动能Ekm(小数点后保留两位有效位数)

15.(7分)如图所示,右端开口的绝热汽缸水平固定,由绝热活塞封闭着一定质量的理想气体,活塞的横截面积为S=20cm^2,,跟汽缸内壁之间的最大静摩擦力为Fm=8N,,初始时气体的温度t1=27^C,,压强p0=1.010^5Pa,,气柱的长度L1=0.8m。。内部有电加热丝,可以对气体进行加热,已知气体的内能U跟热力学温度T的关系为UU=αT,,其中α=0.96JK^-1,T=t+273K,外界大气压为p0=1.010^5Pa,,滑动摩擦力等于最大静摩擦力,气体密封良好。当对气体缓慢加热使气柱长度缓慢变为L2=1.0m时,气体吸收多少热量?

(1)图示实验装置中,刻度尺保持竖直,为了便于直接读出弹簧的长度,刻度尺的零刻度应与弹簧的(选填“上端或“下端”)对齐;不挂钩码时指针所指刻度尺的位置如图乙所示,则此时弹簧的长度L0015.05