[今日更新]2024年河南省中招重点初中模拟联考(一)1.物理试卷答案

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[今日更新]2024年河南省中招重点初中模拟联考(一)1.物理试卷答案试卷答案

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28.Whatdofarmersdowithimperfectfruitsandvegetablestraditionally?A.Throwthemaway.B.Turnthemintofertilizer.C.Donatethemtocharity.D.Storethemforthewinter.29.WhatisthepurposeofImperfectProduce?A.Tomakebetterprofits.B.Tosellimperfectproduce.C.Togetdiscountsfromfarmers.D.TocompetewithWholeFoods.30.WhatcanweleamaboutEuropecomparedwiththeUS?A.Ithasmoresuccessfully-runfoodchains.B.Itproduceslessmisshapenfruitsandvegetables.C.Itaddressestheproblemofmisshapenproduceearlier.D.Itfacesamoreseriousproblemofunfavorableweather31.Accordingtothelastparagraph,whyiswastedfoodharmfultotheenvironment?A.Itpollutesthefarms.B.Itgivesoutabadsmell.C.Itcontributestoglobalwarming.D.Itproduceslotsofcarbondioxide.DYoudon'tneedtobeanexperttorecognizelunamoths().Theyhavehairywhitebodies,redlegsandhugegreenwingsthatstretchupto4.5inchesacross.Andattheendoftheirwingsareapairoflongtailsthathaveattractedscientistsforcenturies.Someofthemtheorizedthatitwaspossiblethatfemalemothsjudgedthehealthandqualityofamalebythesizeofhistails.Butittumnedoutthatfemalemothswerenotchoosyatall.Theyjustmatewiththefirstmalestheycouldfind.Othersbelievedthatthetailscouldincreaselunamoths'sizetomakethemharderforthebats-themainenemyoflunamoths-tohandle.Butthetheoryprovedwrongin1903whenascientistnamedArchibaldWeeksputbatsagainstabiggerspeciesofmothsthatlackedtails.Hefoundthatthebatskilled66%oftheirtargets.Lunamoths,despitebeingsmaller,werehardertocatch."Clearly,theirtailsprovidedananti-batadvantage,"Weeksobserved."Ithinktheywereusedtodirectbatsawayfromthemoths'body.Hewasroughlyright.Morethanacenturylater,JesseBarberfromBoiseStateUniversityputlunamothsagainstbatsinadarkroomandfilmedthehunting.Undernormalcircumstances,thebatsonlymanagedtocatch35%ofthelunamoths.ButifBarbercutofftheirtailsbeforehand,thebatscaught81%ofthem.Thatwasnotbecausethemothsbecameworsefliers-infact,cuttingthetroublesometailsseemedtohaveimprovedtheirflyingabilities.Barberexplainedthatbatswerenotvisualhunters.Theyfoundtheirfoodwithaspecialsound.Tobeprotectedfrombats,lunamothsneededsomethingthatmadeconfusingsounds.Thatwaswhatthelunamoths'tailsdid:Astheyflew,theywavedbehindthemandproducedsoundsthatweresimilartotheirwingbeats.Tobats,theyeithersoundedlikeahugepartoftheirtarget,orlikeanentirelydifferenttarget.Asaresult,theyaimedabouthalftheirattacksatthetails.32.WhatisArchibaldWeeks'importantcontribution?A.Hefoundthatbatsarethemainenemyoflunamoths.B.Hetheorizedthatlunamothsusetheirtailstoconfusebats.C.Heprovedthatlunamoths'sizeisimportantfortheirsurvival.D.Heobservedthatfemalemothsprefermalemothswithlongertails.英语第5页（共8页）

(18分)如图所示,两足够长且光滑的平行金属导轨固定在绝缘水平面上,两垂直于导轨的虚线a、b间存在竖直向上的匀强磁场;两导体棒甲、乙垂直于导轨放置,开始时导体棒乙静a止在虚线b的右侧,导体棒甲由虚线a的左侧以初速度v=4m/s向右运动,经过一段时间间v0=4m/s两棒发生弹性碰撞.已知磁感应强度大小为B=12TTL=,两导体棒的长度与导轨间距均为L=1m,两虚线间的距离为d=1m,导体棒甲、乙的质量为m乙=2m甲=0.2kg,电阻值为RZ=32R甲=32,,两导体棒运动过程中始终不脱离导轨,不计其他电阻.求:(1)导体棒甲刚越过虚线a的瞬间,导体棒甲两端的电压;(2)导体棒甲刚越过虚线a时与刚好到虚线b时的加速度大小之比a1:a2;(3)通过计算分析导体棒甲能否第二次运动到虚线a.B甲aan.b乙

A'C'如图所示,半圆环形ACC'A'的内、外半环的圆心重合于O点,内半环A℃'ACC'A'为2R,外半环AC的直径为6R;在半圆环形区域内存在着垂直于纸面向里的匀强磁场,磁感应强度大小为B;电子从AA'范围内不同位置处射入磁场,可以根据需要调整人射方向及速度大小;CC'为出口,电子在磁场中运动碰到边界就会被吸收。已知电子的比荷为k,不计电子的重力,不考虑电子之间的相互作用力。37^=0.6,37^=0.8。(1)求电子以多大的速度垂直于AA'人射,才能全部从CC'射出;(2)如果电子入射的方向和速度大小都任意,从CC'射出的电子在磁场中运动的最长时间和最短时间分别为多少?A入AC'出口C

(4)某同学利用图中纸带,先分别测量出从A点到B、C、D、E、F、G点的距离h(其中F、G点为E点后连续打出的点,图中未画出),再计算打出B、C、D、E、F各点时重锤下落的速度^∘和v^2,绘制v^2-h图象,如图丙所示,并求得图线的纵截距b和斜率k,请说明如何根据图象验证重锤下落过程机械能是否守恒:。